deadman_932
Posts: 3094
Joined: May 2006
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HAH, I find this really amusing, Dave. I just glanced at this thread for the first time.
I HAVE NEVER POSTED ON THIS THREAD BEFORE.
But Dave, YOU decided that you were going to address my post on your "Creator God Hypothesis " thread ----- HERE? ??
THAT I POSTED TWO DAYS AGO???
You little weasel, you couldn't even address my post on the same thread that it was placed on? You chose this thread....that you KNOW I have never posted on, and tried to make claims about the veracity of my post?
Let me quote the full passage of "Kevin Anderson, Ph.D's ." article in question...
| Quote | | resistance resulting from horizontal gene transfer merely provides a mechanism for transferring pre-existing resistance genes. Horizontal transfer does not provide a mechanism for the origin of those genes. Spontaneous mutation does provide a potential genetic mechanism for the origin of these genes, but such an origin has never been demonstrated |
this is available here
NOw, there are only two possibilities here, Dave. One is that your "Kevin Anderson" is saying that mutations cannot account for a gene like the dihydrofolate reductase gene of P. falciparum...but look at what he SAYS, DaveTARD...he is saying
RESISTANCE GENES...
GENES THAT HAVE GAINED RESISTANCE
NOTE THAT THIS HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH THE ORIGINS OF THE UNALTERED GENES DAVETARD, IT HAS TO DO WITH RESISTANCE GENES. YOU DUMBSHIT
Now, in your little post ON THIS THREAD, which addresses MY POST ON ANOTHER THREAD... you ask:
| Quote | Did I say it was "research"? Did I say this guy performed all the relevant experiments himself to support his conclusions?
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Well, yes, Dave, you sure as #### suggested it by saying on your Creator God Thread that : | Quote | AF Dave finds a very recent (2005) scholarly article by a real scientist who "you know ... really wears a lab coat and does experiments" (there Eric, are you happy?). Here's the title and source for the article ...
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Here, you ask aboutthis article ("Effect of rpoB Mutations Conferring Rifampin Resistance on Fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis" Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, April 2004, p. 1289-1294, Vol. 48, No. 4) and boldly ( and stupidly) say "prove it" when the article says:
| Quote | | mutations that [do]alter target molecules may also be partly or fully ameliorated by compensatory mutations without loss of resistance. Such compensatory evolution has been observed in vitro, in experimental animals, and in clinical situations. Thus, the occurrence of cost-free mutations and compensatory evolution suggests that antibiotic-resistant bacteria will not disappear as a result of restricted use of antibiotics |
Well, Okay, DaveTard:
IN VITRO
Björkman, J., D. Hughes, and D. I. Andersson. 1998. Virulence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella typhimurium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:3949-3953 " avirulent-resistant mutants rapidly accumulated various types of compensatory mutations that restored virulence without concomitant loss of resistance...compensatory mutations could increase the fitness of resistant bacteria and allow them to persist and compete successfully with sensitive strains even in an antibiotic-free environment. "
P. Sander, B. Springer, T. Prammananan, A. Sturmfels, M. Kappler, M. Pletschette, and E. C. Bottger (2002).Fitness Cost of Chromosomal Drug Resistance-Conferring Mutations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 1204-1211
"We found that the chromosomal drug resistance mutations studied often had only a small fitness cost; compensatory mutations were not involved in low-cost or no-cost resistance mutations. "
IN ANIMALS
Schrag, S. J., V. Perrot, and B. R. Levin. 1997. Adaptation to the fitness costs of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. Proc. R. Soc. London B 264:1287-1291.
"While fitness costs have been demonstrated for bacteria and viruses resistant to some chemotherapeutic agents, these costs are anticipated to decline during subsequent evolution. This has recently been observed in pathogens as diverse as HIV and Escherichia coli. Here we present evidence that these gentic adaptations to the costs of resistance can virtually preclude resistant lineages from reverting to sensitivity.
in experimental animals"
Björkman, J., I. Nagaev, O. G. Berg, D. Hughes, and D. I. Andersson. 2000. Effects of environment on compensatory mutations to ameliorate costs of antibiotic resistance. Science 287:1479-1482
A. I. Nilsson, A. Zorzet, A. Kanth, S. Dahlstrom, O. G. Berg, and D. I. Andersson (2006). Reducing the fitness cost of antibiotic resistance by amplification of initiator tRNA genes. (on rifampin resistance)
"Conclusions: The fitness impact imposed on E. coli 345-2 RifC by carriage of antibiotic resistance elements was generally low or non-existent, suggesting that once established, resistance may be difficult to eliminate through reduction in prescribing alone."
N. Luo, S. Pereira, O. Sahin, J. Lin, S. Huang, L. Michel, and Q. Zhang (2005).
PNAS 102: 541-546. Enhanced in vivo fitness of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni in the absence of antibiotic selection pressure.
"The prolonged colonization in chickens did not result in loss of the FQ resistance and the resistance-conferring point mutation (C257-> T) in the gyrA gene. Strikingly, when coinoculated into chickens, the FQ-resistant Campylobacter isolates outcompeted the majority of the FQ-susceptible strains"
CLINICAL SITUATIONS
Prouzet-Mauléon,Valérie, M. Abid Hussain, Hervé Lamouliatte, Farhana Kauser, Francis Mégraud, and Niyaz Ahmed. 2005. Pathogen Evolution In Vivo: Genome Dynamics of Two Isolates Obtained 9 Years Apart from a Duodenal Ulcer Patient Infected with a Single Helicobacter pylori Strain. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, p. 4237-4241, Vol. 43, No. 8
"Microevolution, however, was observed in the cagA gene and its right junction, the vacA m1 allele, and a member of the plasticity region cluster (JHP926). These results suggest that H. pylori has a great ability to survive and reemerge as a microevolved strain "
Nagaev, I., J. Björkman, D. I. Andersson, and D. Hughes. 2001. Biological cost and compensatory evolution in fusidic acid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Mol. Microbiol. 40:433-439.
"observation suggests that fitness-compensatory mutations may be an important aspect of the evolution of antibiotic resistance in the clinical environment, and may contribute to a stabilization of the resistant bacteria present in a bacterial population."
You're a cowardly litle Chickenshit that can't even respond to my posts on the same thread that they were posted on and you're a complete idiot for trying to imply any lack of support for what I did post there.
Notice that I addressed fully and completely each one of your stupid-ass "objections" DaveTard, maybe some day you can grow the balls to do the same in response.
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AtBC Award for Thoroughness in the Face of Creationism
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